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Antarah ibn Shaddad ((アラビア語:عنترة بن شداد العبسي), ''ʿAntarah ibn Shaddād al-ʿAbsī''; 525–608), also known as ʿAntar, was a pre-Islamic Arab soldier and poet, famous for both his poetry and his adventurous life. His chief poem forms part of the ''Mu'allaqat'', the collection of seven "hanging odes" legendarily said to have been suspended in the Kaaba. The account of his life forms the basis of a long and extravagant romance. ==Life== ʿAntarah was born in Najd in Arabia. His father was Shaddād al-ʿAbsī, a respected warrior of the Banu Abs under their chief Zuhayr. His mother was an Ethiopian woman named Zabūba, taken by his father as a slave during one of the tribe's raids against Axum. Described as an "Arab crow" (''al-aghribah al-'Arab'') owing to his dark complexion,〔(1 ).〕 ʿAntarah grew up a slave as well. He fell in love with his cousin ʿAblah, but could not hope to marry her owing to his position. He also gained the enmity of his father's wife Shammeah. He gained attention and respect for himself by his remarkable personal qualities and courage in battle, excelling as an accomplished poet and a mighty warrior. He earned his freedom after another tribe invaded the lands of the Banu ʿAbs. When his father said to him, "ʿAntarah, fight with the warriors", he replied that "the slave doesn't know how to invade or how to defend, but is only good for milking goats and serving his masters". His father answered him: "Defend your tribe, O ʿAntar, and you are free". After defeating the invaders, he sought to gain permission to marry his cousin. To secure allowance to marry, Antarah had to face challenges including getting a special kind of camel from the northern Arab kingdom of the Lakhmids, then under Al-Nu'man III ibn al-Mundhir. ʿAntarah took part in the great war between the related tribes of ʿAbs and Dhubyān, which began over a contest of horses, and was named after them the war of Dāhis and Ghabrā. The time and manner of his death are matter of dispute, Ibn Doreid making him be slain by Wasr-ben-Jaber or in battle against the Tai, while, according to Abu Obeida, he died a natural death in old age. ʿAntarah's poetry is well preserved and often talks of chivalrous values, courage and heroism in battle as well as his love for ʿAbla. It was immortalized when one of his poems was included in the Mu'allaqat, the collection of poems legendarily said to have been suspended in the Kaaba. His poetry's historical and cultural importance stems from its detailed descriptions of battles, armour, weapons, horses, desert and other themes from his time. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Antarah ibn Shaddad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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